Abstract Genetic resistance to Potato Leafroll Virus (PLRV) is polygenic, which hinders the obtainment of resistant cultivars. However, works carried out at the International Potato Center have identified an andigena accession, LOP-868, with high resistance level and low accumulation of PLRV due to the gene of major effect Rladg. We verify the transfer of the Rladg allele to clones of the cross between LOP-868 and UFLA clones, by using the SCAR RGASC850 molecular marker; to evaluate the reaction of these clones to PLRV by inoculating the virus using aphids; and to analyze their agronomic performance of clones. Among the clones inoculated with viruliferous aphids, 49.3% were negative to the serological test, indicating possible resistance. Clones containing the Rladg allele were identified by the RGASC850 molecular marker, which demonstrates the possibility of transferring the Rladg allele of resistance to PLRV from LOP-868 to Solanum tuberosum. Some clones that presented the Rladg allele are also promising for agronomic performance.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da seleção de famílias de batata nas gerações precoces para tolerância ao calor. Foram avaliadas 30 famílias na geração seedling (SG), primeira geração clonal (FCG) em campo e casa de vegetação sob condições de temperaturas elevadas e segunda geração clonal (SCG) sob temperaturas amenas e obtidas as médias das famílias em cada geração. Foram selecionadas 16 famílias mais produtivas na FCG e os clones dessas famílias foram avaliados em experimentos nas safras de inverno e "das águas". Os resultados mostraram que a seleção de famílias para formato de tubérculos pode ser aplicada desde a SG. Também observou-se que a seleção de famílias na FCG e SCG para produtividade e peso específico de tubérculos contribuiu para a identificação de clones tolerantes ao calor e responsivos a melhoria ambiental.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of selection of potato families in early generations for heat tolerance. Thirty families were evaluated in the seedling generation (SG), first clonal generation (FCG) in the field and greenhouse under high temperature conditions, and second clonal generation (SCG) under mild temperatures. The mean of the families was obtained in each generation. The 16 most productive families in FCG were selected, and the clones of these families were evaluated in experiments in the winter and rainy crop seasons. The results showed that family selection for tuber shape may be applied as of the SG. It was also observed that family selection in the FCG and SCG for yield and tuber specific gravity contributed to identification of clones tolerant to heat and responsive to environmental improvement.

A seleção de famílias é um método que possibilita maior eficiência nos programas de melhoramento, já que as famílias inferiores são descartadas e concentram-se os recursos nas famílias mais promissoras. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficiência da seleção de famílias para os caracteres de aparência e de produção de tubérculos em condições de calor e temperatura amenas. Utilizaram-se neste estudo famílias geradas do cruzamento biparental entre clones tolerantes ao calor e cultivares de boa aparência dos tubérculos. Foram avaliados caracteres de aparência, produtividade e peso específico de tubérculos na geração seedling, primeira e segunda geração clonal. Para os caracteres de aparência dos tubérculos, algumas famílias se destacaram na geração seedling por apresentarem maior frequência de clones superiores. Na primeira e segunda geração clonal identificaram-se famílias tolerantes ao calor e responsivas para melhorias, nas condições de temperatura amena, em produtividade e peso específico dos tubérculos. Concluiu-se que a seleção de famílias para produtividade e peso específico dos tubérculos foi eficiente e que a seleção de famílias para o conjunto de caracteres de aparência dos tubérculos se mostrou menos eficiente.

Family selection is a method which allows a greater efficiency in breeding programs, since the lower performance families are discarded and focuses are thrown on those most promising families. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of family selection for traits of tuber appearance and tuber yield under warm and mild temperatures. In this study families were generated by biparental crosses between heat tolerant clones and commercial cultivars with and good tuber appearance. Traits of tuber appearance, tuber yield and tuber specific gravity were evaluated in the seedling, first and second clonal generations. Regarding the traits of tuber appearance some families presented higher frequency of superior clones in the seedling generation. In the first and second generations heat tolerant families were identified which showed positive responsiveness to mild temperatures for tuber yield and tuber specific gravity. It was concluded that family selection for tuber yield and tuber specific gravity was efficient, but family selection for all traits related to tuber appearance was less effective.